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American comedian and actor (1940–2005)

This article is virtually the stand-upwards comedian. For the broadcaster and humorist, come across Cactus Pryor. For the album, see Richard Pryor (album).

Richard Pryor
Richard Pryor 1973 (cropped).jpg

Pryor in February 1973
Nascency proper name Richard Franklin Lennox Thomas Pryor
Built-in (1940-12-01)December 1, 1940
Peoria, Illinois, U.S.
Died December 10, 2005(2005-12-10) (aged 65)
Los Angeles, California, U.Southward.
Medium Stand-up, film, telly
Years active 1963–2005
Genres Political satire, observational comedy, black comedy, improvisational comedy, character comedy, insult comedy
Subject(s)
  • Racism
  • race relations
  • American politics
  • African-American civilisation
  • human sexuality
  • faith
  • self-deprecation
  • everyday life
  • recreational drug utilise
Spouse

Patricia Toll

​

​

(m. 1960; div. 1961)​

Shelley R. Bonus

​

​

(m. 1967; div. 1969)​

Deborah McGuire

​

​

(m. 1977; div. 1978)​

Jennifer Lee

​

​

(thou. 1981; div. 1982)​

​

​

(m. 2001)​

Flynn Belaine

​

​

(chiliad. 1986; div. 1987)​

  • ​

​

(chiliad. 1990; div. 1991)​
Children vii, including Rain
Website richardpryor.com

Richard Franklin Lennox Thomas Pryor Sr. (December 1, 1940 – December 10, 2005) was an American stand-up comedian and thespian. He reached a broad audience with his trenchant observations and storytelling way and is widely regarded as one of the greatest and nearly influential stand-up comedians of all time. Pryor won a Primetime Emmy Honor and five Grammy Awards.[1] He received the first Kennedy Eye Mark Twain Prize for American Sense of humor in 1998. He won the Writers Guild of America Award in 1974. He was listed at number one on Comedy Central's list of all-time greatest stand-upward comedians.[2] In 2017, Rolling Stone ranked him showtime on its list of the 50 best stand up-up comics of all time.[three]

Pryor's body of piece of work includes the concert films and recordings: Richard Pryor: Alive & Smokin' (1971), That Nigger's Crazy (1974), ...Is It Something I Said? (1975), Bicentennial Nigger (1976), Richard Pryor: Live in Concert (1979), Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip (1982), and Richard Pryor: Here and Now (1983). Equally an actor, he starred mainly in comedies. His occasional roles in dramas included Paul Schrader's Blue Collar (1978). He also appeared in action films, like Superman III (1983). He collaborated on many projects with player Gene Wilder, including the films Silver Streak (1976), Stir Crazy (1980), and Run into No Evil, Hear No Evil (1989). Another frequent collaborator was actor/comedian/writer Paul Mooney.

Early life [edit]

Pryor was born on December one, 1940, in Peoria, Illinois. He grew upwardly in a brothel run past his grandmother, Marie Carter, where his alcoholic mother, Gertrude L. (née Thomas), was a prostitute.[4] His father, LeRoy "Buck Carter" Pryor (June 7, 1915 – September 27, 1968), was a former boxer, hustler and pimp.[5] Subsequently Gertrude abased him when he was ten, Pryor was raised primarily past Marie,[6] a alpine, fierce woman who would trounce him for whatsoever of his eccentricities. Pryor was one of iv children raised in his grandmother's brothel. He was sexually driveling at age 7,[vii] and expelled from school at the age of fourteen.[8] While in Peoria, he became a Prince Hall Freemason at a local guild.[9]

Pryor served in the U.S. Army from 1958 to 1960, but spent virtually the unabridged stint in an regular army prison. According to a 1999 contour almost Pryor in The New Yorker, Pryor was incarcerated for an incident that occurred while he was stationed in West Germany. Angered that a white soldier was overly tickled at the racially charged scenes of Douglas Sirk's motion picture Fake of Life, Pryor and several other black soldiers beat and stabbed him, although not fatally.[8]

Career [edit]

1960s [edit]

Publicity photograph of Pryor for one of his Mister Kelly's appearances, 1968–1969

In 1963, Pryor moved to New York City and began performing regularly in clubs aslope performers such as Bob Dylan and Woody Allen. On one of his kickoff nights, he opened for vocaliser and pianist Nina Simone at New York'southward Village Gate. Simone recalls Pryor's bout of performance anxiety:

He shook like he had malaria, he was so nervous. I couldn't behave to sentinel him shiver, and then I put my arms around him at that place in the dark and rocked him like a baby until he calmed down. The next night was the same, and the next, and I rocked him each time.[10]

Inspired by Bill Cosby, Pryor began as a middlebrow comic, with material less controversial than what was to come. Presently, he began appearing regularly on tv set variety shows such equally The Ed Sullivan Testify, The Merv Griffin Show, and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. His popularity led to success as a comic in Las Vegas. The start v tracks on the 2005 compilation CD Evolution/Revolution: The Early on Years (1966–1974), recorded in 1966 and 1967, capture Pryor in this catamenia.

In September 1967, Pryor had what he described in his autobiography Pryor Convictions (1995) every bit an "epiphany". He walked onto the stage at the Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas (with Dean Martin in the audience), looked at the sold-out oversupply, exclaimed over the microphone, "What the fuck am I doing hither!?", and walked off the phase. Afterward, Pryor began working profanity into his act, including the discussion nigger. His first comedy recording, the eponymous 1968 debut release on the Dove/Reprise label, captures this item flow, tracking the evolution of Pryor's routine. Around this time, his parents died—his mother in 1967 and his father in 1968.[xi]

In 1969, Pryor moved to Berkeley, California, where he immersed himself in the counterculture and rubbed elbows with the likes of Huey P. Newton and Ishmael Reed.[12]

1970s [edit]

Pryor performed in the Lily Tomlin specials. He is seen hither with Tomlin and Alan Alda in Tomlin'south 1973 special.

In the 1970s, Pryor wrote for goggle box shows such as Sanford and Son, The Flip Wilson Show, and a 1973 Lily Tomlin special, for which he shared an Emmy Award.[thirteen] During this menstruation, Pryor tried to suspension into mainstream television. He also appeared in several popular films, including Lady Sings the Dejection (1972), The Mack (1973), Uptown Saturday Dark (1974), Silver Streak (1976), Car Wash (1976), Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings (1976), Which Way Is Up? (1977), Greased Lightning (1977), Blueish Collar (1978), and The Muppet Movie (1979).

Pryor signed with the one-act-oriented independent record label Laff Records in 1970, and in 1971 recorded his second album, Craps (Afterward Hours). Two years later, the relatively unknown comedian appeared in the documentary Wattstax (1972), wherein he riffed on the tragic-comic absurdities of race relations in Watts and the nation. Non long subsequently, Pryor sought a deal with a larger characterization, and he signed with Stax Records in 1973. When his tertiary, breakthrough album, That Nigger's Crazy (1974), was released, Laff, which claimed buying of Pryor's recording rights, almost succeeded in getting an injunction to prevent the album from being sold. Negotiations led to Pryor's release from his Laff contract. In return for this concession, Laff was enabled to release previously unissued material, recorded between 1968 and 1973, at will. That Nigger'southward Crazy was a commercial and disquisitional success; it was eventually certified golden by the RIAA[fourteen] and won the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Anthology at the 1975 Grammy Awards.

During the legal boxing, Stax briefly airtight its doors. At this fourth dimension, Pryor returned to Reprise/Warner Bros. Records, which re-released That Nigger'south Crazy, immediately after ...Is Information technology Something I Said?, his first album with his new label. Similar That Nigger's Crazy, the album was a striking with both critics and fans; it was eventually certified platinum by the RIAA and won the Grammy Accolade for Best Comedy Recording at the 1976 Grammy Awards.

Pryor's 1976 release Bicentennial Nigger connected his streak of success. It became his third consecutive gold album, and he collected his third consecutive Grammy for All-time Comedy Recording for the album in 1977. With every successful album Pryor recorded for Warner (or later, his concert films and his 1980 freebasing blow), Laff speedily published an album of older material to capitalize on Pryor's growing fame—a practice they continued until 1983. The covers of Laff albums tied in thematically with Pryor movies, such as Are You Serious? for Silver Streak (1976), The Sorcerer of Comedy for his advent in The Wiz (1978), and Insane for Stir Crazy (1980).[fifteen]

Pryor co-wrote Blazing Saddles (1974), directed past Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder. Pryor was to play the lead role of Bart, simply the moving picture'south production studio would not insure him, and Mel Brooks chose Cleavon Little, instead.

In 1975, Pryor was a guest host on the first season of Saturday Night Live and the commencement black person to host the show. Pryor'due south longtime girlfriend, actress and talk-show host Kathrine McKee (sister of Lonette McKee), made a brief guest advent with Pryor on SNL. Among the highlights of the night was the now-controversial "word clan" skit with Chevy Hunt.[sixteen] He would later do his own variety show, The Richard Pryor Show, which premiered on NBC in 1977. The testify was cancelled after only iv episodes probably because telly audiences did not reply well to his show's controversial bailiwick matter, and Pryor was unwilling to modify his fabric for network censors. 'They offered me ten episodes, merely I said all I wanted to in four'. During the short-lived serial, he portrayed the first black President of the United States, spoofed the Star Wars Mos Eisley cantina, examined gun violence in a non-comedy skit, lampooned racism on the sinking Titanic and even used costumes and visual distortion to appear nude.[17]

In 1979, at the peak of his success, Pryor visited Africa. Upon returning to the United States, Pryor swore he would never use the word "nigger" in his stand-up comedy routine again.[xviii] [19]

1980s [edit]

While on a freebasing binge during the making of the film Stir Crazy (1980),[xx] Pryor doused himself in rum and set himself on fire.[21] Pryor incorporated a description of the incident into his comedy show Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip (1982). He joked that the consequence was caused by dunking a cookie into a glass of low-fat and pasteurized milk, causing an explosion. At the end of the bit, he poked fun at people who told jokes about information technology by waving a lit match and saying, "What's that? Richard Pryor running downward the street."

Earlier his horribly dissentious 1980 freebasing incident, Pryor was about to kickoff filming Mel Brooks' History of the World, Part I (1981), but was replaced at the concluding minute by Gregory Hines.[ commendation needed ] As well, Pryor was scheduled for an appearance on The Muppet Show at that time, which forced the producers to cast their British writer, Chris Langham, as the invitee star for that episode instead.

After his "last performance", Pryor did not stay abroad from stand-up comedy for long. Inside a year, he filmed and released a new concert film and accompanying album, Richard Pryor: Here and At present (1983), which he directed himself. He also wrote and directed a fictionalized account of his life, Jo Jo Dancer, Your Life Is Calling, which revolved around the 1980 freebasing incident.

In 1983 Pryor signed a five-yr contract with Columbia Pictures for $40 million and he started his own product company, Indigo Productions.[22] [23] Softer, more formulaic films followed, including Superman Iii (1983), which earned Pryor $four million; Brewster'southward Millions (1985), Moving (1988), and See No Evil, Hear No Evil (1989). The but film projection from this catamenia that recalled his rough roots was Pryor's semiautobiographic debut equally a writer-manager, Jo Jo Dancer, Your Life Is Calling, which was not a major success.

Pryor was also originally considered for the role of Billy Ray Valentine on Trading Places (1983), before Eddie Murphy won the part.[ commendation needed ]

Despite his reputation for constantly using profanity on and off camera, Pryor briefly hosted a children's show on CBS called Pryor'southward Place (1984). Similar Sesame Street, Pryor'due south Place featured a cast of puppets (animated by Sid and Marty Krofft), hanging out and having fun in a friendly inner-city surround forth with several children and characters portrayed by Pryor himself. Its theme song was performed past Ray Parker, Jr.[ citation needed ] However, Pryor's Place frequently dealt with more sobering problems than Sesame Street. It was cancelled shortly after its debut.[ citation needed ]

Pryor co-hosted the University Awards twice and was nominated for an Emmy for a guest role on the tv series Chicago Promise. Network censors had warned Pryor about his profanity for the Academy Awards, and after a skid early in the programme, a v-second delay was instituted when returning from a commercial break. Pryor is also one of only 3 Saturday Night Live hosts to be subjected to a rare five-second filibuster for his 1975 appearance (forth with Sam Kinison in 1986 and Andrew Die Dirt in 1990).[ citation needed ]

Pryor adult a reputation for being demanding and disrespectful on film sets, and for making selfish and hard requests. In his autobiography Buss Me Like a Stranger, co-star Gene Wilder says that Pryor was frequently late to the set during filming of Stir Crazy, and that he demanded, among other things, a helicopter to fly him to and from set because he was the star. Pryor was also accused of using allegations of on-gear up racism to force the hand of movie producers into giving him more money:

One twenty-four hours during our lunch hour in the concluding week of filming, the arts and crafts service man handed out slices of watermelon to each of us. Richard, the whole camera coiffure, and I sat together in a big sound studio eating a number of watermelon slices, talking and joking. As a gag, some members of the crew used a piece of watermelon as a Frisbee, and tossed it dorsum and forth to each other. One slice of watermelon landed at Richard'south feet. He got upward and went home. Filming stopped. The next twenty-four hours, Richard announced that he knew very well what the significance of watermelon was. He said that he was quitting show business and would non return to this film. The 24-hour interval after that, Richard walked in, all smiles. I wasn't privy to all the negotiations that went on betwixt Columbia and Richard'due south lawyers, simply the camera operator who had thrown that errant piece of watermelon had been fired that 24-hour interval. I presume now that Richard was using drugs during Stir Crazy.[24]

Pryor appeared in Harlem Nights (1989), a comedy-drama crime film starring iii generations of black comedians (Pryor, Eddie Spud, and Redd Foxx).

1990s and 2000s [edit]

In his later years starting in the early on to mid-1990s, Pryor used a ability-operated mobility scooter due to multiple sclerosis (MS).[25] To him, MS stood for "More Shit".[26] He appears on the scooter in his concluding motion picture advent, a small office in David Lynch's Lost Highway (1997) playing an auto-repair garage manager named Arnie.[27]

Rhinoceros Records remastered all of Pryor'southward Reprise and WB albums for inclusion in the box fix ... And It's Deep As well! The Complete Warner Bros. Recordings (1968–1992) (2000).

In late December 1999, Pryor appeared in the cold open of The Norm Show in the episode entitled "Norm vs. The Boxer". He played Mr. Johnson, an elderly human in a wheelchair who has lost the rights to in-home nursing when he kept attacking the nurses earlier attacking Norm himself. This was his last telly appearance.[28]

In 2002, Pryor and Jennifer Lee Pryor, his wife and manager, won legal rights to all the Laff material, which amounted to nearly twoscore hours of reel-to-reel analog tape. Subsequently going through the tapes and getting Richard's approval, Jennifer Lee Pryor gave Rhinoceros Records access to the tapes in 2004. These tapes, including the entire Craps (Later Hours) album, form the basis of the February 1, 2005, double-CD release Evolution/Revolution: The Early Years (1966–1974).[29]

Legacy [edit]

Jerry Seinfeld called Pryor "the Picasso of our profession"[30] and Bob Newhart heralded Pryor as "the seminal comedian of the last fifty years".[31] Dave Chappelle said of Pryor, "Y'all know those, like, development charts of man? He was the dude walking upright. Richard was the highest evolution of comedy."[32] This legacy can be attributed, in part, to the unusual degree of intimacy Pryor brought to impact his one-act. As Nib Cosby reportedly once said, "Richard Pryor drew the line between one-act and tragedy every bit thin equally one could peradventure pigment it."[33]

Awards and honors [edit]

In 1998, Pryor won the first Mark Twain Prize for American Humour from the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. According to former Kennedy Center President Lawrence J. Wilker, Pryor was selected as the first recipient of the Prize because:

as a stand-up comic, writer, and actor, he struck a chord, and a nervus, with America, forcing information technology to look at large social questions of race and the more tragicomic aspects of the homo condition. Though uncompromising in his wit, Pryor, like Twain, projects a generosity of spirit that unites us. They were both trenchant social critics who spoke the truth, even so outrageous.[ citation needed ]

In 2004, Pryor was voted number one on Comedy Cardinal's list of the 100 Greatest Stand up-ups of All Time.[2] In a 2005 British poll to find "The Comedian's Comedian," Pryor was voted the 10th-greatest one-act act ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders.

Pryor was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Accolade in 2006.[34]

The animal rights organization PETA gives out an laurels in Pryor'south name to people who have done outstanding work to convalesce animal suffering. Pryor was active in animal rights and was deeply concerned well-nigh the plight of elephants in circuses and zoos.[ citation needed ] In 1999, he was awarded a Humanitarian Award by the group,[35] and worked with them on campaigns confronting the treatment of birds by KFC.[36]

Artist Preston Jackson created a life-sized statuary statue in dedication to the dear comedian and named it Richard Pryor: More than than Just a Comedian. It was placed at the corner of Country and Washington Streets in downtown Peoria, on May 1, 2015, shut to the neighborhood in which he grew upwards with his mother. The unveiling was held Sunday, May 3, 2015.[37]

Retrospectives [edit]

In 2002, a television documentary entitled The Funny Life of Richard Pryor depicted Pryor's life and career.[38] Broadcast in the United kingdom as role of the Channel 4 series Kings of Black Comedy,[39] [40] it was produced, directed and narrated by David Upshal[38] and featured rare clips from Pryor's 1960s stand-up appearances and films such as Silver Streak (1976), Bluish Neckband (1978), Richard Pryor: Live in Concert (1978), and Stir Crazy (1980). Contributors included George Carlin, Dave Chappelle, Whoopi Goldberg, Ice-T, Paul Mooney, Joan Rivers, and Lily Tomlin. The show tracked downwardly the ii cops who had rescued Pryor from his "freebasing incident", onetime managers, and fifty-fifty school friends from Pryor's home town of Peoria, Illinois. In the US, the show went out as part of the Heroes of Blackness Comedy [41] [42] series on Comedy Central, narrated by Don Cheadle.[43] [44]

A telly documentary, Richard Pryor: I Ain't Dead Yet, #*%$#@!! (2003) consisted of archival footage of Pryor'south performances and testimonials from boyfriend comedians, including Dave Chappelle, Denis Leary, Chris Rock, and Wanda Sykes, on Pryor'southward influence on one-act.

On December nineteen, 2005, BET aired a Pryor special, titled The Funniest Man Expressionless or Alive. Information technology included commentary from fellow comedians, and insight into his upbringing.[45]

A retrospective of Pryor's film work, concentrating on the 1970s, titled A Pryor Engagement, opened at Brooklyn Academy of Music Cinemas for a two-week run in Feb 2013.[46] Several prolific comedians who accept claimed Pryor as an influence include George Carlin, Dave Attell, Martin Lawrence, Dave Chappelle, Chris Rock, Colin Quinn, Patrice O'Neal, Beak Hicks, Jerry Seinfeld, Jon Stewart, Neb Burr, Joey Diaz, Eddie Murphy, Louis C.K., and Eddie Izzard.[ citation needed ]

On May 31, 2013, Showtime debuted the documentary Richard Pryor: Omit the Logic directed past Emmy Accolade-winning filmmaker Marina Zenovich. The executive producers were Pryor'due south widow Jennifer Lee Pryor and Roy Ackerman. Interviewees included Dave Chappelle, Whoopi Goldberg, Jesse Jackson, Quincy Jones, George Lopez, Bob Newhart, Richard Pryor, Jr., Lily Tomlin, and Robin Williams.[47] [48]

On March 12, 2019, Paramount Network debuted the documentary I Am Richard Pryor, directed past Jesse James Miller. The film included appearances past Sandra Bernhard, Lily Tomlin, Mike Epps, Howie Mandel, and Pryor's ex-wife, Jennifer Lee Pryor, among others. Jennifer Lee besides served every bit an executive producer on the film.[49]

Portrayals [edit]

In the episode "Taxes and Death or Get Him to the Sunset Strip"[fifty](2012), the phonation of Richard Pryor is played by Eddie Griffin in the satirical TV show Black Dynamite.

A planned biopic, entitled Richard Pryor: Is It Something I Said?, was being produced by Chris Rock and Adam Sandler.[51] The picture show would have starred Marlon Wayans as the young Pryor.[52] Other actors previously attached include Mike Epps and Eddie Murphy. The motion-picture show would accept been directed by Beak Condon and was still in development with no release date, as of February 2013.[53]

The biopic remained in limbo, and went through several producers until it was announced in January 2014 that it was being backed past The Weinstein Company with Lee Daniels as director.[54] It was further announced, in August 2014, that the biopic will take Oprah Winfrey as producer and volition star Mike Epps as Pryor.[55]

He is portrayed past Brandon Ford Light-green in Season 1 Episode 4 "Sugar and Spice" of Showtime'south I'yard Dying Up Here.

In the Epic Rap Battles of History episode George Carlin vs. Richard Pryor, Pryor was portrayed past American rapper ZEALE.[56]

Influences [edit]

Pryor's influences included Charlie Chaplin, Jackie Gleason,[57] Cherry-red Skelton, Abbott and Costello, Jerry Lewis, Dean Martin, Jack Benny, Bob Hope,[58] Dick Gregory, Bill Cosby,[59] Redd Foxx,[60] and Lenny Bruce.[61]

Personal life [edit]

Pryor met actress Pam Grier through comedian Freddie Prinze. They began dating when they were both cast in Greased Lightning (1977).[62] Grier helped Pryor learn to read and tried to help him with his drug addiction.[63] Pryor married another woman while dating Grier.[21]

Pryor dated extra Margot Kidder during the filming of Some Kind of Hero (1982). Kidder stated that she "cruel in beloved with Pryor in two seconds apartment" after they first met.[64]

Marriages [edit]

Pryor was married seven times to 5 women:[seven] [eight] [11]

  1. Patricia Price, to whom he was married 1960–1961.[65]
  2. Shelley Bonus, to whom he was married 1967–1969.[65]
  3. Deborah McGuire, an aspiring model and extra whom he married on September 22, 1977. They dated on and off for 4 years prior to their marriage.[66] They separated in January 1978, and their divorce was finalized in August 1978.[67] [68]
  4. Jennifer Lee, an extra and interior designer whom Pryor had hired to decorate his abode.[69] [70] They married in August 1981, and divorced in October 1982 due to his drug habit. They remarried on June 29, 2001, and remained married until Pryor's decease.[21]
  5. Flynn Belaine, an aspiring extra whom he married in October 1986. They met when Pryor was performing in Washington, D.C., in 1984.[71] Two months after they married, Pryor filed for divorce, merely withdrew the petition the aforementioned twenty-four hours. A week later he filed for divorce again.[72] Their divorce was finalized in July 1987. They remarried on Apr 1, 1990, but divorced over again in July 1991.

Children [edit]

Pryor had seven children with six different women:[73] [8] [74] [75]

  1. Renee Pryor, born July 20, 1957, the child of Pryor and girlfriend Susan, when Pryor was xvi.
  2. Richard Pryor Jr., built-in Apr 10, 1962, the child of Pryor and his first wife, Patricia Toll.
  3. Elizabeth Anne, born April 24, 1967, the child of Pryor and girlfriend Maxine Anderson.
  4. Rain Pryor, born July xvi, 1969, the child of Pryor and his second married woman, Shelley Bonus.
  5. Steven, born November 14, 1984, the child of Pryor and Flynn Belaine, who later became his 5th wife.
  6. Franklin, built-in Apr 29, 1987, the child of Pryor and actress/model Geraldine Bricklayer.
  7. Kelsey, built-in October 25, 1987, the child of Pryor and his fifth wife, Flynn Belaine.

Sexuality [edit]

Nine years afterward Pryor'due south death, in 2014 the biographical book Becoming Richard Pryor by Scott Saul stated that Pryor "acknowledged his bisexuality"[76] [77] and in 2018, Quincy Jones and Pryor's widow Jennifer Lee claimed that Pryor had had a sexual relationship with Marlon Brando, and that Pryor was open up about his bisexuality with his friends.[78] [79] Pryor'southward girl Rain later on disputed the claim,[80] to which Lee stated that Pelting was in deprival about her begetter'southward bisexuality.[81] Lee after told TMZ, in caption, that "it was the 70s! Drugs were still good...If yous did enough cocaine, you'd fuck a radiator and ship it flowers in the morning".[82] [83] In his autobiography Pryor Convictions, Pryor talked virtually having a two-week human relationship with Mitrasha, a trans woman, which he chosen "two weeks of being gay".[84] In his first special, Alive & Smokin', Pryor discusses performing fellatio, and in 1977, he said at a gay rights show at the Hollywood Bowl, "I have sucked a dick."[85]

Substance abuse [edit]

Late in the evening of June 9, 1980, Pryor poured 151-proof rum all over himself and lit himself on burn down.[86] [21] The Los Angeles law reported he was burned by an explosion while freebasing cocaine.[20] Pryor claimed his injuries were caused by burning rum.[87] While ablaze, he ran downwards Parthenia Street from his Los Angeles home, until beingness subdued by police. He was taken to a infirmary, where he was treated for second- and third-degree burns covering more than than half of his body.[88] Pryor spent six weeks in recovery at the Grossman Burn Center at Sherman Oaks Infirmary.[89] His girl Rain stated that the incident happened as a upshot of a bout of drug-induced psychosis.[xc]

Pryor's widow Jennifer Lee recalled when he began freebasing cocaine: "Later on two weeks of watching him getting fond to this stuff I moved out. It was clear the drug had moved in and it had go his lover and everything. I did not be."[21]

Wellness bug [edit]

In November 1977, later on many years of heavy smoking and drinking, Pryor suffered a mild heart set on at historic period 36.[87] He recovered and resumed performing in Jan the following twelvemonth. In 1986, he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.[91] In 1990, Pryor suffered a second heart attack while in Australia.[71] [92] He underwent triple heart bypass surgery in 1991.[93]

In late 2004, his sister said he had lost his voice as a result of his multiple sclerosis. All the same, on January 9, 2005, Pryor's married woman, Jennifer Lee, rebutted this statement in a post on Pryor's official website, citing Richard as proverb: "I'thou sick of hearing this shit nearly me non talking ... not truthful ... I have good days, bad days ... simply I yet am a talkin' motherfucker!"[94]

Death [edit]

On December 10, 2005, nine days after his 65th birthday, Pryor suffered a third heart assault in Los Angeles. He was taken to a local hospital afterward his wife'due south attempts to resuscitate him failed. He was pronounced dead at vii:58 a.one thousand. PST. His widow Jennifer was quoted equally maxim, "At the end, there was a smile on his face up."[23] He was cremated, and his ashes were given to his family.[95] [96] His ashes were after scattered in the bay at Hana, Hawaii by his widow in 2019.[97] Forensic pathologist Michael Hunter believes Pryor's fatal middle assault was caused past coronary artery disease that was at least partially brought about by years of tobacco smoking.[98]

Discography [edit]

Albums [edit]

Year Title Label Notes
1968 Richard Pryor Dove/Reprise Records
1971 Craps (Afterward Hours) Laff Records Reissued 1993 by Loose Cannon/Island
1974 That Nigger'due south Crazy Partee/Stax Reissued 1975 by Reprise Records
1975 ...Is It Something I Said? Reprise Records Reissued 1991 on CD by Warner Bros. Records
1976 Are You Serious ??? Laff Records
1976 Rev. Du Rite Laff Records
1976 Holy Smoke! Laff Records
1976 Bicentennial Nigger Warner Bros. Records Reissued 1989 on CD by Warner Bros. Records
1976 Insane Laff Records
1976 Fifty.A. Jail Tiger Lily Records
1977 Who Me? I'm Not Him Laff Records
1977 Richard Pryor Live Earth Sound Records
1978 The Wizard of Comedy Laff Records
1978 Black Ben The Blacksmith Laff Records
1978 Wanted: Live in Concert Warner Bros. Records Double-LP set
1979 Outrageous Laff Records
1982 Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip Warner Bros. Records
1982 Supernigger Laff Records
1983 Richard Pryor: Hither and Now Warner Bros. Records
1983 Richard Pryor Live! Phoenix/Audiofidelity Picture disc
1983 Blackjack Laff Records

Compilations [edit]

  • 1973: Pryor Goes Foxx Hunting (Laff.)
    • Separate LP with Redd Foxx, containing previously released tracks from Craps (After Hours)
  • 1975: Down And Dirty (Laff.)
    • Split LP with Redd Foxx, containing previously released tracks from Craps (After Hours)
  • 1976: Richard Pryor Meets ... Richard & Willie And ... The SLA!! (Laff)
    • Split LP with blackness ventriloquist act Richard And Willie, containing previously released tracks from Craps (Afterwards Hours)
  • 1977: Richard Pryor'south Greatest Hits (Warner Bros. Records)
    • Contains tracks from Craps (After Hours), That Nigger'due south Crazy, and ... Is It Something I Said?, plus a previously unreleased track from 1975, "Ali".
  • 1982: The Very Best of Richard Pryor (Laff.)
  • 2000: ... And Information technology's Deep Too! The Consummate Warner Bros. Recordings (1968–1992) (9-CD box prepare) (Warner Bros. Records/Rhino)
    • Box set up drove containing all Warner Bros. albums plus a bonus disc of previously unissued material from 1973 to 1992.
  • 2002: The Album (1968–1992) (ii-CD set) (Warner Bros. Records/Rhinoceros, 2002 in music)
    • Highlights culled from the albums nerveless in the ... And Information technology'due south Deep Besides! box set.
  • 2005: Evolution/Revolution: The Early Years (1966–1974) (2-CD set) (Warner Bros. Records/Rhinoceros, 2005 in music)
    • Pryor-authorized compilation of fabric released on Laff, including the entire Craps (After Hours) album.
  • 2013: No Pryor Restraint: Life In Concert (vii-CD, 2-DVD box set) (Shout! Manufactory)
    • Box ready containing concert films, albums and unreleased textile from 1966 to 1992.

Filmography [edit]

Feature films [edit]

Year Championship Function Notes
1967 The Busy Torso Lt. Whitaker Motion-picture show debut
1968 Wild in the Streets Stanley Ten
1969 Uncle Tom'southward Fairy Tales Unknown Besides producer and writer; uncompleted/unreleased
1970 Carter's Army Pvt. Jonathan Crunk
1970 The Phynx Richard Pryor (cameo)
1971 You've Got to Walk Information technology Like You Talk Information technology or You'll Lose That Trounce Wino
1971 Live & Smokin' Richard Pryor Stand up-up film; also writer
1971 Dynamite Chicken Richard Pryor
1972 Lady Sings the Blues Pianoforte Human being
1973 The Mack Slim
1973 Some Telephone call It Loving Jeff
1973 Hit! Mike Willmer
1973 Wattstax Richard Pryor / Host
1974 Blazing Saddles <None> Co-writer
1974 Uptown Saturday Night Abrupt Eye Washington
1975 Adiós Amigo Sam Spade
1976 The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings Charlie Snowfall, All-Star (RF)
1976 Car Launder Daddy Rich
1976 Silver Streak Grover T. Muldoon
1977 Greased Lightning Wendell Scott
1977 Which Way Is Up? Leroy Jones / Rufus Jones / Reverend Lenox Thomas
1978 Bluish Collar Zeke Brown
1978 The Wiz Herman Smith (The Wiz)
1978 California Suite Dr. Chauncey Gump
1979 Richard Pryor: Live in Concert Richard Pryor Stand up-upwardly picture show; also writer
1979 The Muppet Movie Balloon Vendor (cameo)
1980 Wholly Moses! Pharaoh
1980 In God We Tru$t G.O.D.
1980 Stir Crazy Harold "Harry" Monroe
1981 Bustin' Loose Joe Braxton Also producer and author (story)
1982 Some Kind of Hero Eddie Keller
1982 Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip Richard Pryor Stand up-up film; also producer and author
1982 The Toy Jack Brown
1983 Superman III August "Gus" Gorman
1983 Richard Pryor: Hither and Now Richard Pryor Stand-upwardly film; also director and writer
1985 Brewster'southward Millions Montgomery Brewster
1986 Jo Jo Dancer, Your Life Is Calling Jo Jo Dancer Likewise director, producer and writer
1987 Critical Condition Kevin Lenahan / Dr. Eddie Slattery
1988 Moving Arlo Pear
1989 See No Evil, Hear No Evil Wallace "Wally" Karue
1989 Harlem Nights Sugar Ray
1991 Another You Eddie Dash
1991 The Three Muscatels Narrator / Wino / Bartender
1996 Mad Dog Time Jimmy the Grave Digger
1997 Lost Highway Arnie Terminal film role

Television [edit]

Year Title Role Notes
1966 The Wild Wild West Villar Episode: "The Nighttime of the Eccentrics"
1967 ABC Stage 67 Undertaker Episode: "A Time for Laughter: A Look at Negro Humor in America"
1968 Let'southward Go Unknown part Episode: "Psychedelic Vancouver"
1969 The Immature Lawyers Otis Tucker Episode: "The Young Lawyers"
1971 The Partridge Family A.Eastward. Simon Episode: "Soul Club"
1972 Mod Squad Cat Griffin Episode: "The Connection"
1975 Saturday Night Live Himself/Host Episode: "Richard pryor/Gil Scott-Heron"
1977 The Richard Pryor Special? Himself / The Reverend James L. White / Idi Amin Dada / Shoeshine Human being / Willie Tv special
1977 The Richard Pryor Show Himself / Diverse roles 4 episodes
1975-1978 Sesame Street Himself 4 episodes
1984 Pryor'south Place Himself x episodes
1984 Billy Joel: Keeping the Religion Homo Reading Newspaper Video short
1993 Martin Himself Episode: "The Break Up: Function 1"
1995 Chicago Hope Joe Springer Episode: "Stand up"
1996 Malcolm & Eddie Uncle Bucky Episode: "Do the K.C. Hustle"
1999 The Norm Bear witness Mr. Johnson Episode: "Norm vs. the Boxer"

Books [edit]

  • Pryor, Richard; Gold, Todd (1995). Pryor Convictions and Other Life Sentences. New York: Pantheon Books. ISBN9780679432500. OCLC 31660376. Retrieved January 24, 2019.

References [edit]

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Further reading [edit]

  • Bailey, Jason (2015). Richard Pryor: American Id. Raleigh, NC: The Critical Press. ISBN9781941629130. OCLC 929499929.
  • Balducci, Anthony (2018). Richard Pryor in Hollywood: The Narrative Films, 1967-1997. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN978-1-4766-7382-0. OCLC 1013167477.
  • Chocolate-brown, Cecil (2013). Pryor Lives! How Richard Pryor Became Richard Pryor: Or, Kiss My Rich, Happy Blackness Donkey!: A Memoir. Scotts Valley, Cal.: CreateSpace. ISBN9781481272049. OCLC 896479605.
  • Haskins, James (1984). Richard Pryor, a Human and His Madness: A Biography. New York: Beaufort Books. ISBN9780825302008. OCLC 474968281.
  • Henry, David; Henry, Joe (2013). Furious Cool: Richard Pryor and the World That Fabricated Him. Chapel Loma, NC: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill. ISBN9781616200787. OCLC 900929967. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  • Pryor, Pelting; Crimmins, Cathy (2006). Jokes My Father Never Taught Me: Life, Love, and Loss with Richard Pryor. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN9780061195426. OCLC 865250887. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  • McCluskey, Audrey Thomas, ed. (2008). Richard Pryor: The Life and Legacy of a "Crazy" Blackness Man. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. ISBN9780253352026. OCLC 300041360. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  • Rovin, Jeff (1983). Richard Pryor: Blackness and Blue. London: Orbis. ISBN9780856136979. OCLC 668427103.
  • Saul, Scott (2015). Becoming Richard Pryor. New York: Harper. ISBN9780062123305. OCLC 869267234. Retrieved January 24, 2019.
  • Williams, John A.; Williams, Dennis A. (1991). If I Stop I'll Dice: The Comedy and Tragedy of Richard Pryor. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN9781560250081. OCLC 23463494.

External links [edit]

  • Richard Pryor at IMDb
  • Richard Pryor at the TCM Film Database
  • Richard Pryor: Stand-Up Philosopher, Urban center Journal, Spring 2009
  • Jennifer Lee Pryor at IMDb
  • Post by Richard Pryor on his official website rebutting voice-loss rumors at the Wayback Machine (archived September 27, 2011)
  • Richard Pryor's Legacy Lives On
  • Bright Lights Movie Journal career profile at archive.today (archived Jan 18, 2013)
  • Richard Pryor at Emmys.com
  • Richard Pryor at Find a Grave
  • Richard Pryor'southward Peoria
  • Richard Pryor: Icon (video). PBS. November 23, 2014. Biographical special—includes total version.
  • Richard Pryor discography at Discogs
  • Prototype of Richard Pryor and Lou Gossett backstage, 1978. Los Angeles Times Photographic Annal (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Immature Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Pryor

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